The paper reports the results of the research on sanatoriums built in Sicily, representative of the Italian Healthcare Architecture of the early twentieth century. The aim of the paper is to contribute to the knowledge of not yet deeply studied cultural heritage, though protected under Italian law, to identify morphological, typological and technological characteristics in order to its reuse and conservation. At the beginning of the XXth century, the efforts to fight tuberculosis led the Italian government to build a large number of sanatoriums. Six sanatorial structures were built in Sicily between 1930-37 in Caltanissetta, Catania, Palermo, Ragusa, Syracuse and Trapani. These sanatoriums are modelled on a new type of architecture. Based on the experience on sanatoriums built in Europe in the early XXth century, two types of sanatorium were provided: the South and the Northern type, “.... depending on whether or not the main facade corresponded to the exposure of the verandas, which must necessarily be oriented to the south”. The architectural aspect of sanatoriums is different reflecting the sensitivity of the individual designer. Sanatoriums constituted a field experiment for designers and companies in the use of r.c. elements inside load-bearing structures. In the ‘60s sanatoriums were gradually abandoned or transformed, in most cases, in health or welfare buildings, as those of Palermo, Ragusa and Syracuse. While the sanatoriums of Trapani and Caltanissetta are in a complete state of abandonment. The paper investigate the modifications on all sanatoriums, focusing on those of Trapani and Caltanissetta running the risk of destruction. For them, in addition to archival, bibliographic and iconographic analysis, the historical, structural engineering and degradation analysis were carried out. These studies were preparatory for hypothesis of conservation and rehabilitation strategies consistent with the maintenance of buildings’ identity.

Sicilian sanatoriums of the 1930s. Knowing them to preserve them

BASIRICO', TIZIANA
2016-01-01

Abstract

The paper reports the results of the research on sanatoriums built in Sicily, representative of the Italian Healthcare Architecture of the early twentieth century. The aim of the paper is to contribute to the knowledge of not yet deeply studied cultural heritage, though protected under Italian law, to identify morphological, typological and technological characteristics in order to its reuse and conservation. At the beginning of the XXth century, the efforts to fight tuberculosis led the Italian government to build a large number of sanatoriums. Six sanatorial structures were built in Sicily between 1930-37 in Caltanissetta, Catania, Palermo, Ragusa, Syracuse and Trapani. These sanatoriums are modelled on a new type of architecture. Based on the experience on sanatoriums built in Europe in the early XXth century, two types of sanatorium were provided: the South and the Northern type, “.... depending on whether or not the main facade corresponded to the exposure of the verandas, which must necessarily be oriented to the south”. The architectural aspect of sanatoriums is different reflecting the sensitivity of the individual designer. Sanatoriums constituted a field experiment for designers and companies in the use of r.c. elements inside load-bearing structures. In the ‘60s sanatoriums were gradually abandoned or transformed, in most cases, in health or welfare buildings, as those of Palermo, Ragusa and Syracuse. While the sanatoriums of Trapani and Caltanissetta are in a complete state of abandonment. The paper investigate the modifications on all sanatoriums, focusing on those of Trapani and Caltanissetta running the risk of destruction. For them, in addition to archival, bibliographic and iconographic analysis, the historical, structural engineering and degradation analysis were carried out. These studies were preparatory for hypothesis of conservation and rehabilitation strategies consistent with the maintenance of buildings’ identity.
2016
978-989-99645-0-1
978-989-96790-4-7
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11387/116410
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