Between Archaeology and Landscape. Analysis, Conservation and Valorisation of Early Christian Hypogean Complexes of the South-Eastern Sicily

The Hyblean plateau, located in the south-eastern part of Sicily, is characterized by human presences that identify a complex and layered landscape, within which a prominent place is occupied by the archaeological remains of the rock culture. Such heritage, placed in an interior area of the island, little interested by tourist flows, require new and more in-depth studies and investigations. From this point of view, it seems imperative the implementation of updated and accurate measurements – not least through the use of 3D representations to understand its complex morphology – and the critical analyses of its conservation status. The aim is to support archaeological research and to increase the interest and curiosity on these valuable pre-existences currently unprotected and, in some respects, very difficult to manage and enhance. The numerous examples of underground funerary complex in Sicily, all afflicted by the same problems – hard accessibility, poor visibility, small recognition of their historical and architectural value – impose a serious reflection on the challenges and requirements needed to ensure both preservation and revitalization of such a heritage made up of isolated goods. This contribution, focusing on two early Christian necropolis of the province of Syracuse – that of San Martino (Ferla) and that of Cozzo Guardiole (Canicattini Bagni) – aims to bring out the peculiarities of these archaeological remains, which may become effective resources if properly safeguarded and revalued.