Computer assisted navigation in endoscopic sinus surgery for the chronic rhinosinusitis

Anatomical sinus variants pose a significant challenge, especially in revision cases, even for the most experienced surgeon. Over the past decade, the availability of multiple computer-assisted surgical navigation systems has led to its widespread adoption as a tool in ESS. Computer-assisted navigation (CAN) allows for triplane anatomical localization, which can improve spatial orientation and help avoid trauma to vital structures, namely the orbit and anterior skull base. Theoretically, this would result in a lower complication rate and a more complete surgical exploration. In this chapter, we evaluated the usefulness of CAN in endoscopic sinus surgery and investigated its advantages over conventional endoscopic sinus surgery.