Green secure land registration scheme for blockchain-enabled agriculture industry 5.0

Problem- Land is a valuable yet scarce asset that plays a crucial role in agriculture, economic activity, and investment. However, land management faces significant challenges, including a lack of ownership verification, traceability issues, and fraudulent activities. Existing land registry systems are often centralized and not digitized, making them vulnerable to forgery, theft, and conflicts. Proposed solution- To address these challenges, we propose a blockchain-enabled land registry scheme that ensures secure, transparent, and tamper-proof land records. By leveraging blockchain technology, the system eliminates the reliance on centralized authorities and minimizes the risks of fraud and ownership disputes. Methods- The proposed scheme utilizes smart contracts to automate and secure the land registration process, removing the need for third-party intermediaries. Additionally, an InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) is integrated for off-chain data storage, improving scalability and response time. The security of smart contracts is evaluated using vulnerability assessment tools to identify potential risks. Results- The proposed system is assessed based on key performance metrics, including scalability, sustainability, gas consumption, smart contract security verification, and IPFS bandwidth analysis. These attainments show that the proposed decentralized scheme holds the potential to significantly mitigate land forgery and ownership issues within the landscape of agriculture industry 5.0.