Change in Nfkb/Nrf2/Bax Levels by High Monomeric Polyphenols Berries Extract (HMPBE) in Acute and Chronic Secondary Brain Damage

Background/Aims: High Monomeric Polyphenols Berries Extract (HMPBE) is a formula highly rich in polyphenols clinically proven to enhance learning and memory. It is currently used to enhances cognitive performance including accuracy, working memory and concentration. Methods: Here, we investigated for the first time the beneficial effects of HMPBE in a mouse model of acute and chronic traumatic brain injury (TBI). Results: HMPBE, at the dose of 15 mg/ kg was able to reduce histological alteration as well as inflammation and lipid peroxidation. HMPBE ameliorate TBI by improving Nrf-2 pathway, reducing Nf-kb nuclear translocation and apoptosis, and ameliorating behavioral alteration such as anxiety and depression. Moreover, in the chronic model of TBI, HMPBE administration restored the decline of Tyrosine Hydroxy-lase (TH) and dopamine transporter (DAT) and the accumulation of a-synuclein into the midbrain region. This finding correlates the beneficial effect of HMPBE administration with the onset of parkinsonism related to traumatic brain damage. Conclusions: The data may open a window for developing new support strategies to limit the neuroinflammation event of acute and chronic TBI.