This study explores the impact of Generative Artificial Intelligence on the writing processes of primary school pupils. Through a quantitative–qualitative observational design conducted in three different socio-cultural contexts (urban, peripheral, and rural), the research investigates how the prolonged use of a generative AI assistant affects fluency, originality, critical thinking, and autonomy during the phases of idea generation, drafting, and revision. The students were divided into two groups: one used an AI assistant to generate ideas and reformulate the text, while the other worked with traditional tools. The data collected suggest that generative AI facilitates writing speed and formal accuracy, resulting in longer texts and fewer errors. However, these benefits are accompanied by reduced originality and frequent reliance on the AI’s suggestions, potentially weakening students’ autonomy. The differences observed appear to reflect the specific characteristics of the territorial contexts: in rural and peripheral areas, the technology functions as a compensatory support, whereas in urban contexts it operates mainly as a refinement tool. Overall, the findings encourage reconsidering generative AI as a potentially valuable educational resource, provided that it is integrated within a pedagogical framework that balances technological advantages with practices aimed at fostering creativity, autonomy, and critical thinking.
Il presente studio esplora l’impatto dell’Intelligenza Artificiale Generativa sui processi di scrittura in alunni della scuola primaria. Attraverso un disegno osservativo quanti-quali condotto in tre differenti contesti socio-culturali (urbano, periferico, rurale), la ricerca indaga come l’uso prolungato di un assistente IAG condizioni fluenza, originalità, pensiero critico e autonomia durante le fasi di ideazione, stesura e revisione del testo. Gli studenti sono stati suddivisi in due gruppi: uno ha utilizzato un assistente di IA per generare idee e riformulare il testo, mentre l’altro ha lavorato con strumenti tradizionali. I dati raccolti sembrano suggerire che l’IAG faciliti la rapidità esecutiva e la correttezza formale, con testi mediamente più estesi ed errori ridotti. Tuttavia, tali benefici si accompagnano a una minore originalità e ad un frequente ricorso ai suggerimenti dell’IA, con un possibile indebolimento dell’autonomia. Le differenze sembrano riflettere le specificità dei contesti territoriali di provenienza: nelle aree rurali e periferiche la tecnologia appare come un supporto compensativo, mentre nei contesti urbani agisce prevalentemente come strumento di rifinitura. Nel complesso, i risultati invitano a ripensare l’IAG come una risorsa didattica potenzialmente utile, purché integrata in un quadro pedagogico che ne bilanci i vantaggi con pratiche volte a sostenere creatività, autonomia e pensiero critico.
L’influenza dell’Intelligenza Artificiale (IA) sulla creatività e sull’autonomia nella scrittura: un’analisi sperimentale nelle scuole primarie italiane
Nicolina Pastena;Antonio Giannone;David Martinez-Maireles
2026-01-01
Abstract
This study explores the impact of Generative Artificial Intelligence on the writing processes of primary school pupils. Through a quantitative–qualitative observational design conducted in three different socio-cultural contexts (urban, peripheral, and rural), the research investigates how the prolonged use of a generative AI assistant affects fluency, originality, critical thinking, and autonomy during the phases of idea generation, drafting, and revision. The students were divided into two groups: one used an AI assistant to generate ideas and reformulate the text, while the other worked with traditional tools. The data collected suggest that generative AI facilitates writing speed and formal accuracy, resulting in longer texts and fewer errors. However, these benefits are accompanied by reduced originality and frequent reliance on the AI’s suggestions, potentially weakening students’ autonomy. The differences observed appear to reflect the specific characteristics of the territorial contexts: in rural and peripheral areas, the technology functions as a compensatory support, whereas in urban contexts it operates mainly as a refinement tool. Overall, the findings encourage reconsidering generative AI as a potentially valuable educational resource, provided that it is integrated within a pedagogical framework that balances technological advantages with practices aimed at fostering creativity, autonomy, and critical thinking.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.


